Zombie movies have been around for at least eighty years, although some consider that this genre began as far back as the release of The Cabinet Of Dr Caligari in 1920. For several decades after the first such movies, they remained a minor type of horror film, until the premiere of Night Of The Living Dead. Since then, these films have regularly been produced, then around the year 2000, they exploded into a major horror genre. With that growth, films featuring the undead have become mainstream, with well regarded directors and actors involved.
A film starring Bela Lugosi as a Haitian witch doctor, named White Zombie, hit the theaters in 1932. This was the first feature to popularize the concept of undead corpses rising from the grave. In this original conception, the victims had been drugged into an inanimate state, were buried, and returned as slaves of the witch doctor.
Revolt of the Zombies, a sequel to White Zombie, was produced in 1936, but received poor reviews and made little profit. For years after, films featuring the undead appeared intermittently, but never became a major genre. One B movie in 1959, called Invisible Invaders, included corpses reanimated by an invasion of invisible space aliens.
In 1968, perhaps the most influential film of this type, Night Of The Living Dead, directed by George Romero, was shown in Saturday matinees. It received much criticism for its graphic content, gore, and terror inspiring suspense. Yet some critics praised the film, and it became a big influence on many directors. Five sequels, at least three remakes, and other films featuring living corpses, have subsequently been made by Romero.
That film, for its small budget, had a big effect on the entire horror genre, slasher films, and generally raised the bar for terrorizing film goers. Many other directors, with increasing budgets, began to create films that included the walking dead. A transformation away from Haitian legend to a general societal breakdown, or zombie apocalypse, was accepted as the premise for these films. Other conventions, such as the slow pace and hunger for human flesh originated from Romero’s conception.
While the undead became a more common theme, they were usually relegated to small budget or exploitation films. Then 28 Days Later was released in 2002, to great popularity. Directed by Danny Boyle, known for critically well received films, it caused a major surge in this type of movie. Boyle’s corpses, infected with a virus, were faster and more deadly than those from earlier films.
A popular comedic take on the undead came out in 2004, Shaun Of The Dead, along with a remake of Romero’s Dawn Of The Dead, with a larger budget than previous films. These were followed by a steady stream of more comedy films dealing with animated corpses. Many of these were profitable, which included known actors. Such films were also produced in many different countries.
From its beginnings as an obscure type of film, zombie movies are now a highly profitable, mainstream horror genre. Like vampire romance films, those with more humanized undead have been produced. Also many comedies, like Zombie Nation, featuring well known actors, as well as action films, are now featuring the undead.
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